Granite yog aqeeb - txias, nkag siab txog pob zebuas crystallizes mais hauv qab lub ntiaj teb. Silica {- magma nplua nuj magma (felsic magma) nce los ntawm qhov tob, chaw muag khoom nyob rau hauv lub crust, thiab txias kom qeeb me me uas loj me me thiaj li muaju loj me meQuartz, Feldspars, thiab Mikasloj hlob thiab sib tshuam. Ntau dua lab xyoo, uplili thiab yaig tawm ntawm cov pob zeb overlying, ua rau cov granite lilub pluonslossis cheeb tsam - nplaibatholithsTias peb chaw txua txiag zeb hnub no.
Qhov twg magma los ntawm (tectonic chaw)
Granite Magmas yug hauv ob peb kev rov ua dua geologic scenarios:
Subduction cov aav (convergent npoo).
Ib qho dej hiav txwv tog hauv qab av hauv qab av. Cov dej tso tawm ntawm cov slab lelting lub suab nrov ntawm cov mantlely mantle thiab qis crust. Basaltic magmas sawv,hloov zuj zus los ntawm kev sib txawvthiab / lossis ib nrab yaj lub cev tawv nqaij, tsim cov silica - rici rice gragmas. Ntau tus Arcs Continental (xav tias cov Roob Roob ntev ntev sib txuas mus rau ib lub trench) tus tswv tsev lojKuv {- Hom granites{{0- om} tsis zoo -} derived, feem ntau nrog iyplodende thiab biotite.
Kev sib tsoo txuas ntxiv (orogeny).
Ob lub teb chaws sib tsoo, thickening thiab cua sov lub crust. Cov faus, dej {-} raintents thiab crustal pob zebib nrab yaj, YieldingS - hom granites-} sedimentary - derived, feem ntau peraluminous nrogcovite thiab garnet. Cov no yog classic hauv lub roob thaum ub.
Intraplate / Anorogenic Chaw.
Tsis pub dhau cov teb chaws nyob ruaj khov, mantle upwelling los yog crustal txuas ntxiv tuaj yeem tsim cov kub, qhuav, alkaline Magmas. Ib co evolve rau hauv{- hom granites(antorogenic), feem ntau yog nrog qhov sib txawv -}} cov paib thiab ci feldspar xim.
Los ntawm yaj mus rau pob zeb: kev nkag thiab txias zaj dab neeg
Kauj Ruam 1 - magma magma Ascent & Stalling.
Vim tias granitic magma yog vencous thiab buoyant, nws nce tab sis feem ntaulub nkuajThaum nruab nrab -} cov kab ke (ntxhib 5-15 km tob). Muaj nws cov nyiaj yam li tsw thiab laccoliths lossis pas dej ua ke rau hauv loj, tsis xwm yeemlub pluons.
Kauj Ruam 2 - fressional crystallization & m ming.
Thaum kub poob, thaum ntxov - ua cov minerals (hauv qab noBowen cov tshuaj tiv thaiv series) Crystallize ua ntej. Kev tshem tawm ntawm cov muaju los ntawm melt nce ntxiv cov magma silica thiab cov ntsiab lus volatile. Magmas yuavsib xyawNrog nyob sib ze melts lossis assimilate crustal pob zeb, ntxiv muaj kev sib txawv ntxiv.
Kauj Ruam 3 - maj mam txias & siv lead ua siv lead.
Vim tias txias yog qeeb, muaju loj hlobntxhib thiab interlocking (a phaniticKev ntxhib los mos). Cov ntawv qhia li ntawm daim ntawv qhia ua:
Quartz(iav grey, 20-40%)
Feldspars(Dawb rau liab dawb; ob qho tib si plagioclase thiab k {{0} feldspar)
Nyiaj(biotite, Muscovite) ±ntoo(irbende)
Lub moj khaum no niaj hnub zoo li 3-d Jigsaw, xa granite lub lawblub zog thiab ua tsis tau.
Kauj Ruam 4 -} lig -} kua dej thiab cov ntoo.
Raws li crystallization nyob ze ua tiav, ywg dej {- Thiab nplooj- Cov kua dej nplua nuj. Lawv pubtus ncej(tshwj xeeb ntxhib - nplej dikes) thiabgreisen / hydrothermalVeins Nqa Quartz, Feldspar, Tokylaline, beryl, topaz, lossis tsawg {{{mineral minerals. Cov leeg cov leeg no tuaj yeem txiav cov tswv yim granite thiab cuam tshuam xim zoning.
Vim li cas Granite zoo li txawv (Xim & Kev tswj cov tshuaj)
Cov ntxhia pob zeb.Ntau duaK - feldsparthawb paj yeeb -} tan hues; npluas miasplagioclaseyields cream dawb; ntau duabiotite / inblendesib txuas sib txuas thiab zaub ntsuab.
Oxidation & metrepic suav.Hlau -} Cov kabmob me me tuaj yeem tsim cov lus lossis lub suab sov; yam ntxivZologm, Titanite, MagnetiteNtxiv cov me me, lub teeb - spinning nplej.
Tus nqi cua txias & dej cov ntsiab lus.Me ntsis nrawm dua lossis qis dua dej favorsHiav nplej nplej; Dej - rich nplua nuj tuaj yeem tsimGiant Pegmatitic muaju.
Deformation & ntaub.Lub sijhawm hloov kho, kev nyuaj siab tuaj yeem ua kom haum cov roj av rau hauv kev hloov maj mamkev teblossis tsimFlow Banding, pom raws li streaks lossis swirls ntawm txiav slabs.
Keeb kwm huab cua.Ze {-} Deg ntxiv tuaj yeem muag muag muag rau kaolin raws cov pob qij txha; Hauv kev cav ntoo qhov no qhia tau tias yog qhov ua haujlwm uas yuav tsum txiav.
Los ntawm kev sib sib zog nqus pluton ua kom lub ntsej muag txua txiag zeb (raug thiab sib koom tes)
Granite Formtob hauv qab avCov. Tsuas yog tom qabUplift thiab yaigTshem tawm cov lusmeters ntawm overburden peb peb pom nws ntawm qhov chaw. Raws li siab tee, graniteyam tsis tso tsegthiab txhim khoNtawv Ua Keparallel rau saum npoo (exfoliation). Ntxiv ntsug ntsug thiab orthogonal sib koom ua ke dissect pob zeb loj rau hauv block. Rau lub pob zeb kev lag luam, cov pob qij txha no yog qhov tshwj xeeb, tsis yog kab laum: lawv txhais tauThaiv loj, rov qab tus nqi, thiab zoo tagnrhokaw cov lus qhia.
Dab tsi tsim txhais tau tias yog kev ua tau zoo (kev lag luam lens)
Lub zog & hnav.Interlocking muaju ntxiv rau porosity tsis tshua muajMuaj Zog Compressive ZogthiabTau ua dawb huv heev kuj, ua granite zoo tagnrho raupaving, curbs, cov kauj ruam, thiab chav ua noj ua haus.
Kev nqus tau & khaws cia.Feem ntau cov khoom lag luam granitesTsawg dej nqus dej, tab sis muaj txiaj ntsig sib txawv ntawm chaw txua txiag zeb thiab txaj. Qee lub teeb lossis qhib - nplej cog lus tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm aNkag ntawm Figerrau kev tsis kam; Cov Dub Dub yuav xav tau tsawg rau tsis muaj.
Npleem tsis kam.Nplaimua tiav(Flamed, Bush - hammered, sandblasted) hloov micro {}}}R - kev ntsuasrau thaj chaw ntub dej thiab ramps.
Xim muaj xwm txheej.Vim tias txhua lub pluon thiab txaj muaj txawv txawv, ntse sourcing sivIb Leeg - chaw txua txiag zeb, ib qho - txajNtau ntau rau kev pom kev hla cov haujlwm loj.
Txiav & Xov.Ntxhib feldspar thiab quartz teb tau zoo raupolishedlossispabtiav; Sab nraum zoov ua haujlwm favororsflamed / sandblastedrau traction. Lig pegmatite cov leeg leeg, yog tias tam sim no, yuav xav tau kev saib xyuas cov qauv kom tsis txhob muaj cov qauv cuam tshuam rau ntawm cov nqaws hla Seams.
Granite vs "Granite" hauv kev lag luam
Hauv qhov seem ntawm - kev lag luam pob zeb, daim ntawv lo "granite" qee zaum suav nroggranitoids(Tauslim, Granlotherite) thiab tseem nyuaj heevGabbros / Dioritesua lag luam li "dub granite." Los ntawm kev ua ntaub thaiv cov khoom muag, lawv coj zoo sib xws -nyuaj, tawv, qis {{0} porosity{{0- Tab sis cov me nyuam yaus piav qhia txog kev sib txawv me ntsis hauv kev sib tw, thermal nthuav dav, thiab xim ruaj khov, thiab xim ruaj khov, thiab xim ruaj khov, thiab xim ruaj khov, thiab xim ruaj khov.
Yuav ua li cas Geologist koom nrog Granites (Primer Quizer)
Modal / Tshuaj Tshuaj Plrots(piv txwv li, Qapf, TAS) muab cov pob zeb raws li quartz, alkali feldspar, thiab plagioclase feem pua.
Kuv {- hom / s - hom / - homPiav qhia qhov chaw thiab Tectonic ntsiab lus teb (tsis zoo - derived, sediment- derived, entorogenic).
U {- pb yos ntawm zirconpins down crystallization nyoog; Qw {-}}}}}}}}} }had|ntiv tes ntiv tes magma cov txheej txheem. Cov cuab yeej no yog kev kawm - Tab sis lawv cov txiaj ntsig tau (qhov twg, hnub nyoog, kev hloov) sib sau nrogXim, kev ntxhib los mos, tuab, tej yam kawg kawg cov neeg siv tau tu txog.
Cov Lus Nug
Yog granite volcanic lossis plutonic?
Plutonic (sab). Nws txias tob hauv qab av, tsis yog lub lava nto.
Nws yuav siv sijhawm ntev npaum li cas los ua?
Los ntawm Magma tiam kom tag nrho crystallization thiab raug nthuav tawm tuaj yeem ncuaTsheej lab rau kaum tawm lab xyoo.
Vim li cas qee cov av liab thiab lwm tus grey lossis dub?
Feem ntau vim yog feldspar hom thiab tsaus - ntxhia cov ntsiab lus. Paj yeeb k {{2} feldspar vs dawb plagioclase teev cov suab nrov; biotite / inblende tob tob xim.
Daim ntawv granite hnub no puas tuaj yeem?
Yog lawm. Txhua qhov chaw so, kev sib nraus, lossis intrapeplate magmatism yog nquag, cov pluent plutons yog sib sau-}} tab sis lawv yuav tsis raug ntev ntev.
Tseem Ceeb Takaways
Granite cov ntawv thaumSilica - nplua nuj magmachaw muag khoom nyob rau hauv lub crust thiabTxias maj mam, loj hlob loj, sib tham muaju ntawm quartz thiab feldspar.
Tectonic chaw -subduction, kev sib nraus, intraplate-} MAXAION Magma Source (Kuv-, s} {{{}} hom) thiab, thaum kawg},Xim thiab kev ntxhib los mos.
Kev hloov kho cov kua, txias, thiab kua dej siavVeins, pob qij txha, thiab PegmatitesDaim duab chaw txua txiag zeb rov qab thiab cov kev ua kom zoo nkauj.
Cov tib gamologic keeb kwm uas forged granite kuj piav qhia txog nwsLub zog, porosity tsawg, ua kom tiav versatility, thiab lub neej kev pabcuam ntev thoob plaws countertops, paving, curbs, thiab cladding.
